Tag Archives: bankruptcy attorneys

Do you need a bankruptcy attorney?

Are you thinking that you might need to file for bankruptcy but you can’t afford an attorney?  If so, I urge you to consider talking to one or more attorneys anyway.  This is because filing for bankruptcy without an attorney can be hazardous – there are services out there that will take advantage of you by charging you for a package of bankruptcy forms, which can be obtained for free from the bankruptcy court’s website.

Not only that, but filing your own case without the benefit of an attorney’s advice is fraught with potential pitfalls of which you may be unaware.  Indeed, the court system itself warns of the dangers of filing for bankruptcy on your own.

As the courts point out, bankruptcy rules are highly technical and the consequences for not being aware of them can be serious.  In my opinion, the most important work on a consumer bankruptcy case is that which is done before the case is even filed.  The preparation involved in considering whether to file, when to file, and how to prepare the paperwork is complicated.  Some believe that bankruptcy attorneys are supposed to just fill in the blanks on forms, but nothing could be further from the truth.

Often, attorneys must develop a different strategy for each case, depending upon the individual facts involved and the wants and needs of each particular client.  Each of those strategies must take into account various requirements, not only of the national bankruptcy laws and rules, but also of state and local laws, as well as the particulars of local bankruptcy practice where the filing is to take place.

Sometimes even the most basic considerations that you take for granted are open to question, such as whether it is a good idea for you to file for bankruptcy.  Believe it or not, there are some people who just should not file for some reason – for example, perhaps they would lose an important asset if they were to file.  Most people who are not consumer bankruptcy attorneys would be unaware of whether that situation would apply to them.  And of course, the opposite situation often crops up – where people think they would lose everything after filing for bankruptcy when actually, all of their assets would be protected by the exemption laws.

Another basic consideration is where to file.  When someone has moved recently, or is about to move, or when someone lives outside the U.S. but has assets within the U.S. – all of these factors can affect where someone might file their bankruptcy case.  Occasionally, a person might have options regarding where to file, which is when a whole different set of factors might come into play.

The bottom line is that the decision of whether to hire a consumer bankruptcy attorney should not be taken lightly.  You should decide whether you might benefit from the legal advice provided by an attorney who will devote time and attention to your individual case.  If so, please look into contacting a bankruptcy attorney before trying to file your bankruptcy case alone.

Photo by time_anchor.

Will I be able to keep anything when I file for bankruptcy?

Can you keep your property through a Chapter 7 bankruptcy? The short answer to this question is: Maybe. It depends on your situation.

This is what something called “exemptions” are for. The way I explain it to clients is this: When you file for bankruptcy, something called the “bankruptcy estate” is created, kind of like the estate that is created when someone dies. Everything in the that estate temporarily comes under the Chapter 7 trustee‘s control. The trustee can sell estate assets to pay off your creditors. If something is NOT in the bankruptcy estate, it will not come under the trustee’s control.

How do you keep your stuff out of the bankruptcy estate? You list all it in your filing. Then you cite to the statutes allowing you to exempt each item from the estate. The laws allowing you to keep property out of the bankruptcy estate are generally called “exemptions”.

Does that mean you can exempt anything from the bankruptcy estate, no matter how expensive the it is? NO. Unfortunately not. Exemptions are limited. And they vary greatly by state.

How are exemptions limited? Generally, they are limited by type of property and by amount. For example, you might find that the statute that applies to jewelry might be limited in amount to $1500. This means you could exempt only $1500 worth of jewelry from your bankruptcy estate (that’s just an example – I made it up, so don’t rely on that statement for jewelry!). Limitations like this can make it difficult (and sometimes impossible) to exempt very valuable items like real estate, newer cars, or valuable collectors’ items.

How do you value your items? Generally speaking, you value your property by determining its resale value – how much could you get for it at a garage sale or on an auction website?

How do I exempt items that I don’t want to list in my papers? You don’t. Unlisted property is not exempted.

The bottom line is that you need to speak to a bankruptcy attorney in the state where you live to find out what the exemptions limitations are. And don’t make the mistake of transferring property to someone else just to keep it out of the bankruptcy estate.

If you are in New Jersey and need a bankruptcy attorney for a potential Chapter 7, please call Jennifer Weil at 201-676-0722 for a free telephone consultation or email me at jweil@jenlawyer.com.

Photo by infomatique.